SKU: 82311400588

Commercial Energy Auditing Reference Handbook, 3rd edition

Sale price$89.10 Regular price$99.00
Save 10%

Shipping Estimate
USA
  • USA
  • CAN

Ships within 48 hours · Estimated delivery Jul 11 - Jul 16

Promo Codes Available:

For Your Every Summer RSVP, with Code: SUMMER15

Description

Commercial Energy Auditing Reference Handbook, 3rd editionThis is a single license Digital eBook PDF File that is downloadable, and password protected eBook Description Table of Contents Introduction User Guide Suggested References Section ISpecific Information Chapter 1 Benchmarking General Differentiating by Energy Source Energy Use Intensity Limitations of EUI Calculating EUI Mixed EUI Production EUI EUI Adjustment for Occupancy Energy End Use Distribution Energy End Use Variations Over Time Energy Cost

This is a single license Digital eBook PDF File that is downloadable, and password protected

 

 

eBook Description


Table of Contents

  • Introduction
  • User Guide
  • Suggested References
  • Section I—Specific Information
  • Chapter 1 Benchmarking
  • General
  • Differentiating by Energy Source
  • Energy Use Intensity
  • Limitations of EUI
  • Calculating EUI
  • Mixed EUI
  • Production EUI
  • EUI Adjustment for Occupancy
  • Energy End Use Distribution
  • Energy End Use Variations Over Time
  • Energy Cost as a Percent of Total Operating Cost
  • Limitations of Using Benchmark Data
  • Chapter 2 Analyzing Energy Use Graphs
  • General
  • Intuitive Information
  • Year by Year Comparisons
  • Weather Dependence
  • Load Factor
  • Business Volume (Production Rates)
  • Savings Opportunities
  • Chapter 3 Energy Saving Opportunities by Business Type
  • PBA concept
  • Energy End Use Pies
  • Apartment Buildings/Multi-Family/ Dormitories
  • Churches/Worship
  • Data Centers
  • Education—Colleges and Universities
  • Education—Schools K-12
  • Food Sales—Grocery Stores
  • Food Service/Restaurants
  • Health Care—Hospital
  • Health Care—Non Hospital
  • Laundries—Commercial
  • Libraries/Museums
  • Lodging/Hotels/Motels
  • Office Buildings
  • Retail/Sales
  • Warehouses
  • Pools
  • Ice Rinks
  • Specific Sub Systems
  • Boilers
  • Chillers
  • High Rise
  • Variable Air Volume Systems
  • Chapter 4 Manufacturing and Unit Operations
  • Introduction
  • Common Themes in Approaching Process Efficiency
  • Metrics: Macro View
  • Metrics: Micro View
  • Process Diagramming
  • Standby Losses
  • Process-Related Shared Systems
  • Building Services Energy Use
  • Reviewing Coincidence of Activities
  • Reviewing the Process Itself
  • Desire for Energy Use to Follow Production Rates
  • Primary Energy Use Sources
  • Production Scheduling
  • Maintenance
  • Controls
  • Some Common ECMs for Manufacturing
  • Specific Light Manufacturing ECMs by Process
  • Chapter 5 ECM Descriptions
  • ECM Descriptions—Envelope
  • ECM Descriptions—Lighting
  • ECM Descriptions—HVAC
  • ECM Descriptions—Boilers and District Heating
  • ECM Descriptions—Swimming Pools
  • ECM Descriptions—Heat Recovery
  • ECM Descriptions—Thermal Storage (TES)
  • ECM Descriptions—Electrical
  • ECM Descriptions—Compressed Air
  • ECM Descriptions—Laundry
  • Chapter 6 Utility Rate Components
  • Electric
  • Gas
  • Chapter 7 Automatic Control Strategies
  • General
  • Cost/Benefit Ratio for Control System EMCs
  • Control System Application Notes
  • Lighting Control Strategies—Basic
  • HVAC Control Strategies—Basic
  • Lighting Control Strategies—Advanced
  • HVAC Control Strategies—Advanced
  • Other Ways to Leverage DDC Controls
  • Control System Calibration
  • Chapter 8 Building Operations and Maintenance
  • Vacancy
  • Closing a Facility for Part of a Week
  • Closing a Portion of a Facility for Extended Periods
  • Facility Repair Costs
  • Maintenance Value
  • Poor Indoor Comfort and Indoor Air Quality Costs
  • Productivity Value
  • Maintenance Energy Benefits
  • Heat Exchanger Approach Diagrams
  • Chapter 9 Quantifying Savings
  • General
  • Measure Interactions
  • Bin Weather Used to Estimate Load Profile and ECM Savings
  • Equipment Efficiency Profiles
  • Rough Estimating Envelope Improvement Savings
  • Establishing the HVAC Load Profile
  • Adjusting the HVAC Load Profile for Humid Climates
  • Adjusting the HVAC Load Profile for Overlapping Heating and Cooling
  • Sample Savings Calculations
  • Load-following Air and Water Flows vs. Constant Flow (VSD Benefit)
  • Supply Air Reset vs. Reheat—Constant Volume
  • Supply Air Reset with VAV vs. Increased Fan Energy
  • Condenser Water Reset vs. Constant Temperature
  • Chilled Water Reset for Variable Pumping vs. Increased Pump Energy
  • Water-Side Economizer vs. Chiller Cooling
  • Higher Efficiency Lighting vs. Existing Lighting
  • Higher Efficiency Motors vs. Existing Motors
  • Higher Efficiency Chiller vs. Existing Chiller
  • Higher Efficiency Boiler vs. Existing Boiler
  • Hot Water Reset from Outside Air vs. Constant Temperature
  • Reduce Air System Friction Losses—Constant Volume
  • Automatic Control Savings Examples
  • Computer Modeling/Simulating Energy Use
  • Measurement and Verification (M&V)
  • Macro Baselines—for Goals and Projections
  • Chapter 10 Sustaining Savings
  • Tendency for Initial Savings to Deteriorate
  • Maintaining Initial Savings
  • Checklist for service access and operations
  • Section II—General Information
  • Chapter 11 Mechanical Systems
  • General
  • HVAC System Types
  • Water-Cooled vs. Air-Cooled—
  • Single Pass Mechanical Systems
  • Oil-Less Refrigeration Technology
  • Hermetic Motor Energy Penalty
  • Thermal Energy Transport Notes
  • Chillers
  • Part Load Chilled Water System Performance
  • Cooling Towers and Evaporative Fluid Coolers
  • Dry Coolers
  • Electronic Expansion Valves
  • Air and Water Circulating System Resistance
  • Fan/Pump Motor Work Equation
  • Fan and Pump Efficiencies
  • Thermal Balance Concept for Buildings
  • Air-Side Economizer
  • Cooling Energy Balance for Heat Producing Equipment
  • Humidifiers
  • Kitchen Hoods and Make-Up Air
  • Heat Pumps
  • Refrigeration Cycle
  • Evaporative Cooling
  • Spot Cooling
  • VAV Reheat Penalty
  • Glycol vs. Efficiency
  • Cost of Ventilation
  • Simultaneous Heating and Cooling
  • Chapter 12 Motors and Electrical Information
  • Full Load Motor Efficiency
  • Part Load Motor Efficiency—Constant Speed
  • Part Load Motor Efficiency—Variable Speed
  • Effect of Voltage Changes on Induction Motor Characteristics
  • Voltage Imbalance
  • Sources of Motor Losses
  • Common Motor Design Characteristics
  • Permanent Magnet Motors
  • Fractional Horsepower Motors
  • Variable Speed Drives
  • Power Factor
  • Chapter 13 Combustion Equipment and Systems
  • Steam Cost
  • Combustion Efficiency
  • Boiler Heating Output When Only Heating Surface Area is Known
  • Boiler StandBy Heat Loss (Boiler Skin Loss)
  • Boiler Cycling Losses
  • Savings from Various Boiler Improvements
  • Pilot Light Fuel Consumption
  • Natural Draft Flue—Dilution Air
  • Savings from Steam System Improvements
  • Steam Leaks
  • Flue Gas Recoverable Heat
  • Savings from Reducing Excess Air
  • Generator Fuel Consumption
  • Heat Rate
  • Chapter 14 Compressed Air
  • Contents
  • Overall Efficiency of Compressed Air
  • Standard SCFM vs. Actual ACFM
  • Compressor Efficiency
  • Compressed Air Cost
  • Compressor Capacity Control
  • Compressed Air Leaks
  • Compressed Air Driers
  • Pressure Drop from Friction in Piping
  • Storage and Capacitance
  • Rules of Thumb
  • Chapter 15 Fan and Pump Drives
  • Fan/Pump Capacity Modulation Methods
  • V-Belts
  • Synchronous Belts
  • Variable Speed Drive Considerations
  • Best Efficiency Point (BEP)
  • Pump/Fan Curve Characteristics
  • Wire-To-Water Efficiency
  • VSD Savings: Square Instead of Cube
  • Affinity Law Application Where Static Head is Involved
  • Savings Impact When Controlling to a ConstantDownstream Pressure—VAV and Variable Pumping
  • Savings from Lowering DownstreamMaintained Pressure Setting
  • Chapter 16 Lighting
  • General
  • Lighting terms
  • Dimming
  • Lighting vs. Distance
  • Light Colored Surfaces
  • Lighting Technology Properties
  • LED Technology
  • Lighting Energy Use, Pct of Total Electric, by Building Type
  • Lighting Hours by Building Type
  • Typical Recommended Lighting Levels
  • Lighting Opportunities
  • Occupancy Sensor Energy Savings
  • Lighting Impacts on HVAC Use by Climate
  • Lighting Power Budget Values Watts/SF
  • Chapter 17 Envelope Information
  • BLC Heat Loss Method
  • R-Value Reduction from Stud Walls
  • Glazing Properties
  • Infiltration
  • Air Flow Created from Building Stack Effect
  • Air Flow Through Open Dock Doors
  • Door Infiltration Rates
  • Composite U-values for Envelope Evaluation
  • Percent Skylight/Clerestory Effect on Overall Gross Roof Insulation U-value
  • Chapter 18 Domestic Water Heating
  • Domestic Water Heaters
  • Domestic Water Heater Standby Losses
  • Chapter 19 Weather Data
  • Degree-days
  • Bin Weather Data
  • Weather Data by Days and Times
  • Chapter 20 Pollution and Greenhouse Gases
  • Pollution—Emission Conversion Factors by State
  • Pollution—Conversion to Equivalent Number of Automobiles
  • Other Environmental Considerations
  • Chapter 21 Formulas and Conversions
  • Efficiency
  • COP, EER, kW/Ton
  • Heat-conversion Factors
  • Affinity Laws
  • Electrical Formulas
  • Load Factor
  • Energy Transport (Circulating Water and Air)
  • Heat Transfer Formulas
  • HVAC Formulas and Conversions
  • Altitude Correction
  • Humidification
  • Dehumidification
  • Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP)
  • Properties of Air, Water, Ice
  • Specific Heat of Air and Water
  • Heating Values of Common Fuels
  • Latent Heat of Water
  • Insulation Formulas
  • Other Useful Formulas
  • Fuel Switching—Electric Resistance Heat vs. Combustion Heat
  • Heat Pump—Approximate COP from High/Low Region Temperatures
  • Heat Pump—Approximate kW Power from COP
  • Chimney Effect
  • Other Conversion Factors
  • Conversion Factor Tables
  • Metric Conversion Factors
  • Chapter 22 Water Efficiency
  • Introduction
  • A Philosophy of Water
  • Water Technology Compared to Energy Technology
  • Reduced Pressure
  • Water Grades
  • Filters and Strainers
  • Cooling Towers
  • Boilers
  • Process Water Purification
  • Water Efficiency for Mechanical Cooling Systems
  • Evaporation Loss
  • Domestic Hot and Cold Water Systems
  • Water Reuse Opportunities
  • Potable Water Substitutes
  • Water Accounting
  • Appendix A: Consumptive Use
  • Appendix B: Embedded Energy in Water and Waste Water
  • Chapter 23 Using Feedback for Energy Management
  • Introduction
  • The Need for Feedback
  • Obstacles to Behavior Savings
  • Behavior Choices and Feedback
  • Operations and Maintenance
  • Choices and Feedback
  • Management Choices and Feedback
  • Utility Choices and Feedback
  • Energy Dashboards
  • Deputy Effect
  • Sub Meters
  • Savings from O&M and Behavior
  • Additional Related Topics
  • Chapter 24 Special Topics
  • A— Data Center Efficiency
  • High Energy Use Intensity in Data Center Power Food Chain
  • Server Part Load Energy Use
  • Measures to Reduce Computer Energy Use Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE)
  • Mechanical Cooling Energy Reflection
  • Water Cost
  • Cooling Designs
  • Interaction of HVAC Measures
  • Basic HVAC Strategies
  • HVAC System Variations
  • Additional Opportunities for Data Centers
  • Economizers
  • B— Percent per Degree Rule of Thumb for Refrigeration Cycle Improvement
  • C— Early Replacement Business Case
  • D— Lease Arrangements-Effect on Energy Project Interest
  • E— Coordinating Upstream/Downstream Setpoints
  • F— Semiconductor Fab Multi-Stage HVAC Air Tempering
  • G— HVAC Retrofits for the Three Worst Systems
  • H— Chilled Water System Discussion and ECMs
  • Proportional Pumping Energy Use
  • Flow Matching
  • Approach to Achieving Chiller Plant Energy Savings
  • Modifying Air Handling Systems to Increase System DT
  • Variable Secondary Flow
  • High Efficiency Chiller
  • Other Chilled Water System ECMS
  • Tertiary Pumping
  • Variable Primary Chilled Water Flow (Dedicated Pumps)
  • Variable Condenser Water Flow
  • Primary-Only Pumping
  • Chilled Water Economizer
  • Variable Flow During Water Side Economizer Operation
  • Condenser Water Reset
  • I— Commissioning
  • J— Envelope Tradeoffs-Light Harvesting, Window Tinting
  • K— Overlapping Heating and Cooling
  • L— Part Load HVAC Efficiency
  • M— Facility Guide Specifications: Suggestions to Build-inEnergy Efficiency
  • N— Regression for Energy Management
  • O— Error Band Using Energy Consumption Signaturesas an Operational Control
  • P— Information from Interval Data
  • Basic Uses of Interval Data
  • Case Studies
  • Section III—Appendix
  • Appendix
  • Glossary of Terms
  • Conflicting ECMs and ‘Watch Outs’
  • Top 10 IAQ Mistakes a CEM Should Avoid
  • Energy Audit levels
  • Representative Tasks and Background Knowledge for Energy Management and Energy Engineering
  • Net Zero Definitions
  • Cost Estimating—Accuracy Levels Defined
  • Simple Payback vs. Internal Rate of Return (IRR)
  • DSM Program Cost Effectiveness Tests
  • Heat Loss from Uninsulated Hot Piping and Surfaces
  • Duct Fitting Loss Coefficients
  • Evaporation Loss from Water in Heated Tanks
  • Cooling Tower Cold Water Basin Heat Loss
  • Clean Room Particles and Air Changes by Class
  • Bin Weather Data for 5 Cities
  • Hours per Year Outside Dry Bulb and Wet Bulb Temperature
  • Altitude Correction Factors at Different Temperatures (Fa)
  • Parsing CBECS Data
  • CBECS Climate Zone Map
  • Building Use Categories Defined (CBECS)
  • Operating Expenses: Percent that Are from Utility Costs
  • Operating Expenses: Percent that Are from Utility Costs (Manufacturing)
  • Service Life of Various System Components
  • Equating Energy Savings to Profit Increase
  • Integrated Design Examples
  • Energy Audit Approach for Commercial Buildings
  • Energy Audit Look-For Items
  • Energy Audit—Sample Questionnaire/Checklist
  • ASHRAE Psychrometric Charts 1-5
  • Refrigerant Replacement Matrix
  • Refrigerant Pressure-Enthalpy (Mollier) Diagrams
  • Blended Refrigerants
  • Pressure-Temperature Charts for Refrigerants
  • Index

Author: Steve Doty

e-ISBN: 9788770223300

Shipping Notes
  • Free Standard Shipping on $100+ Orders to the USA.
  • Except Preorder products are shipped in 48 hours.
  • Delivery to the USA:
  1. Standard Shipping : 3-10 business days
  • If time is of the essence, please consider selecting expedited delivery for faster service.
Exchange/Return Notes
  • We offer a 30-day return/exchange service after receiving.
  • Final sale items are not eligible for returns or exchanges.
  • To process your return/exchange, please contact us at [email protected]
  • Please click here for more details>>> Return & Exchange Policy
SKU: 82311400588

Discover Niche Categories That Outsell

Top-Converting Item to Boost Your Average Order

4.2 ★★★★★
Based on 1112 reviews
Sort
Highest Rating
Newest First
Oldest First
Product Reviews
R
Verified Purchase
Ragdollyanna
Natrona Heights, US
★★★★★ 5
Super impressed by this!
Love this sunscreen and will be reordering it. It’s sheer, light, invisible, gives me the protection I need for my middle aged skin and I can swear my complexion has gotten better since I started using it. I’m super impressed how it’s comparable to more expensive brands in quality without the high price tag. It’s made me start looking into other skin products I can purchase from the Amazon brand.
WAS THIS REVIEW HELPFUL?YesReportShare
Reviewed in the United States on February 3, 2026
J
Verified Purchase
jmatthie
Waukegan, US
★★★★★ 5
How is this SO good?
I'm a sunscreen enthusiast. I wear sunscreen every day, and I know how hard it is to find one that is actually pleasant to use. It goes on like a white paste but it quickly blends in to the skin and becomes invisible. There is NO white cast after you rub it in. The initial white color makes it really easy to see where you have applied it. The lotion is very moisturizing but it's also fairly lightweight feeling, and isn't greasy. My skin is usually on the dry side. The smell is nice and neutral, some people might say that it has a bit of a "sunscreen" smell. But the smell is pretty faint and it doesn't linger. I find it to be pleasant, personally. Additionally, I have used this in the water and I find it to offer excellent water resistance even though it doesn't form a heavy-feeling layer on the skin. This is particularly impressive to me. This sunscreen will definitely be a go-to for beach days. It's great for face and body! The one caveat is that it tastes terrible if you get it in your mouth. So I definitely do not recommend eating it, lol. You might have this issue if you're particularly sweaty and the sweat drips down your face. In my experience many sunscreens do this, so I don't consider it to be a big deal. I'd recommend this for anyone looking for cost-effective and lightweight sun protection. It's great on face and body.
WAS THIS REVIEW HELPFUL?YesReportShare
Reviewed in the United States on July 19, 2021
A
Verified Purchase
Armando
Dallas, US
★★★★★ 5
Good product
It’s very comparable to the Neutrogena version. Its light on my face, does not leave a white cast, and doesn’t break me out. The price point is excellent compared to the name brand one. I go walking almost everyday and live in a sunny and hot area where the climate is hot all year round. I haven’t gotten burnt since wearing this sunscreen. Definitely recommend *UPDATE* This sunscreen gave me acne. I rarely breakout and I now have five pimples on my face. I do not recommend!!!
WAS THIS REVIEW HELPFUL?YesReportShare
Reviewed in the United States on November 14, 2024
M
Verified Purchase
mamacholina
Belleville, US
★★★★★ 3
Burns My Eyes
If your eyes have a sensitivity to sunscreen, they may have a sensitivity to this one. This product made my eyes burn for two days, with multiple washings. I have had problems with La Roche Posay sunscreen — if that is a helpful association. It has dimethicone —a silicone— in it (which might be the irritant). Its common in beauty products but some people avoid it for various reasons. If you have no sensitivities and don’t mind the silicone, then it could be an acceptable option for the value. It went on smooth and light, left no cast, and had a very mild scent. I will use it on my limbs, but I can’t use this on my face.
WAS THIS REVIEW HELPFUL?YesReportShare
Reviewed in the United States on September 15, 2023
C
Verified Purchase
CHERYL
Waukegan, US
★★★★★ 5
WORKS! LIGHT! EASY TO APPLY AND USE!
Took and trip and knew I would be out in the sun. I know this is for the face, but I used on my arms, legs and face. It is light and easy to apply. Not sticky and heavy as some sunblocks can be. I am very pleased with this purchase/find, as it works well and was a fabulous price for this tube.
WAS THIS REVIEW HELPFUL?YesReportShare
Reviewed in the United States on July 15, 2025

recommand products