SKU: 80459068513

Old Testament Use of Old Testament: A Book-by-Book Guide

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Old Testament Use of Old Testament: A Book-by-Book GuideOld Testament Use of Old Testament, by Gary Edward Schnittjer, surveys the hundreds of Old Testament allusions within the Old Testament and provides hermeneutical guidance for interpreting these interrelated scriptures. The handbook takes an easy to navigate book by book approach. Schnittjer provides a list of Scripture allusions for each book and follows with an interpretive profile of how that book uses passages from elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Old Testament Use of Old Testament, by Gary Edward Schnittjer, surveys the hundreds of Old Testament allusions within the Old Testament and provides hermeneutical guidance for interpreting these interrelated scriptures. The handbook takes an easy to navigate book-by-book approach. Schnittjer provides a list of Scripture allusions for each book and follows with an interpretive profile of how that book uses passages from elsewhere in the Old Testament. Specific criteria are applied to each allusion, providing readers with evaluation of the significance of each interpretive allusion. Minor allusions caused by style, figures of speech, and other minor elements are not included. Responsible exegesis requires careful attention to interrelated scriptures, yet there is a host of interpretive difficulties related to Scripture's use of Scripture. Designed for ease-of-use for any serious student of the Bible, Old Testament Use of Old Testament offers a thorough, systematic tool to aid in evaluating scriptural interpretation of Scripture.
This dynamic tool equips students of the Bible to:
• Understand how the Old Testament uses the Old Testament
• Easily find the most important Old Testament allusions
• Grasp the complexity of Scripture's use of Scripture
• Evaluate the significance of interpretive allusions
• Gain exegetical insight into the study of interrelated Scriptures

Publisher: Zondervan
Type: Hardback
ISBN: 9780310571100

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Gary Edward Schnittjer is Distinguished Professor of Old Testament in the School of Divinity at Cairn University. He is author of Torah Story and Old Testament Use of Old Testament.

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‘Gary Schnittjer’s Old Testament Use of the Old Testament is helpfully unique and uniquely helpful! Every pastor, professor, and Bible teacher should own this reference book because there’s no other one like it. Over twenty years in the making, Schnittjer’s groundbreaking magnum opus covers the entire Old Testament. After a length introduction, Schnittjer examines one OT book per chapter, noting at length how it cites (or is cited by) other OT books. Schnittjer helpfully ranks citations—from parallels (“A level”) to probable (“B level”) and possible allusions (“C level”). (“D level” is unlikely.)

For an example of what readers can expect, Schnittjer’s chapter on the book of Hosea (chapter13, pages 358-372) identifies eight verses (Hos 4:13; 5:10; 11:1; 11:8; 12:3, 4, 5; and 13:6) which cite prior OT passages (Dt 12:2; 19:14; Ex 4:23; Dt 29:23; Gen 25; Gen 32; Gen 28; and Dt 8:12-14, respectively). Schnittjer then devotes over seven pages commenting on these eight verses from Hosea and how they use earlier OT writings. He also identifies how other OT books (viz., Isa & Jer) cite Hosea—on at least six occasions (Is 24:2; 54:6; Jer 2:2, 11; 14:10; 30:9). In addition to highlighting these citations, in this chapter Schnittjer also identifies more common stock phrases used by multiple OT authors (4 pages), as well as additional “Parallels within the Book of the Twelve” (3 pages).

After providing similar content for every applicable book of the OT, Schnittjer spends 25 pages showing how his research also connects with the New Testament (chapter 36) and concludes with a chapter entitled “Networks.” In this final chapter, Schnittjer draws together all the strands of his research and points to the macro-patterns he’s identified throughout the OT’s use of the OT. If the bulk of his book (chapters 1-35) analyzes the OT’s use of the OT, this final chapter encapsulates a brilliant synthesis of the same material. This chapter identifies 21 thematic verse clusters, which “seek to get at the natural internal connectivity between sets of exegetically related” passages (p. 873). Each network focuses on a theme, such as “Abrahamic covenant,” “the assembly,” “collective confession,” “new covenant,” “new exodus,” “Sabbath,” etc. These networks also provide a roadmap for biblical interpreters to see how the OT itself advances and develops its various major themes.

Running to over 1,000 pages, this massive reference work will not only provide helpful inter-canonical connections for pastors and Bible teachers, but it will also surely spark theological connections and ideas for future studies.’ George

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SKU: 80459068513

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T-gal
Louisville, US
★★★★★ 5
So far, so good!
Finally! A toy my 55 pound, 18 month old puppy hasn’t destroyed in minutes, and one she actually LOVES playing with. It has a really cool bounce and she loves chasing it and it’s easy for her to grab and run back to me with. So glad it wasn’t another waste of money. My only suggestions are to make this in a fun color other than black, and to make other just as strong toys besides a donut (she already has 2 other donuts from different companies which surprisingly have weathered her jaws) and add a squeaker to one of these ultra strong toys. More than chasing the ball, she loves squeaking!
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Reviewed in the United States on May 8, 2026
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Melissa j
Omaha, US
★★★★★ 5
10/10 Great game changer for aggressive chewers
After a scary experience where our Doberman ingested part of a toy and needed emergency surgery, we had to get rid of all plush toys and small balls in our house. Replacing everything felt overwhelming. This ball has been fantastic. It’s truly built for aggressive chewers and holds up incredibly well. It’s perfect for fetch, strong enough for tug-of-war, and the bounce is excellent, which keeps our dog fully engaged during self-play when he’s entertaining himself. That unpredictable bounce makes it exciting without being unsafe. Most importantly, it gives us peace of mind. No shredding, no chunks coming off, no felt cover and constant worry about ingestion. Since having to replace all of his previous toys and balls, this one has stood out as the best by far. If you have a large, powerful dog—especially a Doberman—or a dog who destroys toys quickly, this is a must-have. Durable, safe, and genuinely fun. 10/10, highly recommend.
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Reviewed in the United States on January 21, 2026
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Crystal Knapp
Waukegan, US
★★★★★ 5
Finally, a sturdy oversized ball my boy can't destroy! And can pick up easily
This is just wonderful! My dog has destroyed all other balls! I think this is finally one he cannot destroy. And I love the holes so he can pick it up and throw it himself. LOL. And it BOUNCES, bringing him endless joy and skill in catching it. Cause you don't know which way it will bounce off the ground. Oversize was just right for him. Glad to have found this great sturdy ball.
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Reviewed in the United States on April 29, 2026
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Kristi V.
Birmingham, US
★★★★★ 4
Almost perfect...upraised logo should be left off
This toy is great for relentless chewers with strong jaws! It would be almost perfect if it didn't have a "K9" logo in raised rubber on it. That is the place that my aggressive chewer shepherd/bulldog mix focuses on and is able to get small chunks off. Without that logo, he would chew the ball more evenly, instead of fixating on that one spot. He loves this ball and has chewed on it for about an hour off & on each of the 11 days he has had it. Although it is very durable so far, the flaw is the upraised logo.
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Reviewed in the United States on January 22, 2026
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Ryan
Los Angeles, US
★★★★★ 5
Perfect for High-Drive Dogs & Surprisingly Durable (six month review)
I use this ring ball for structured fetch and tug sessions with my high-drive German Shepherd mix (91 lbs. at 10 mon.), and it’s easily the best toy we’ve added to our routine. What makes it truly exceptional is how it allows my dog to engage in the full canine predatory sequence: • Chase: He locks in visually and bolts after the ring when I throw it. • Grab & Hold: He brings it back, pins it against my leg, and bites down firmly (the toy—not the leg!)—his way of acting out the natural catch-and-control behavior. • Unalive & Tug: We finish with a strong tug session, which satisfies his instinct to grip and shake—basically his version of “making the toy unalive.” • Settle & Chew: Afterward, he relaxes with a chew toy or eats—completing the full physical and mental cycle in a healthy, balanced way. Durability is outstanding—this toy stands up to intense tug sessions with no tearing or damage, even with a 91 lb powerhouse. My senior dog also joins in for double tug play, and it holds up beautifully to that too. I don’t leave this toy down for chewing—it’s not a chew toy. I use it specifically for fetch and tug, then put it away when we’re done. This keeps it exciting and extends its lifespan. My dog has other chew toys he can use freely throughout the day. This isn’t just another fetch toy—when thoughtful it provides a structured, instinct-satisfying experience that’s mentally enriching and physically engaging. If you have a high-drive or working breed, or a dog who thrives on interactive play, this ring ball is 100% worth it.
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Reviewed in the United States on March 30, 2025

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