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Description
Rat PSA ELISA KitProduct Specification Usage Experimental equipment required for the experiment: 1. Microplate reader (450nm) 2. High precision pipette and gun tips: 0. 5 10uL, 5 50uL, 20 200uL, 200 1000uL 3. 37 constant temperature box 4. Distilled water or deionized water Sample processing and requirements: 1. Serum: Place the whole blood sample collected in the serum separation tube at room temperature for 2 hours or at 4 overnight, then centrifuge at 1000g for 20
Product Specification
| Usage |
Experimental equipment required for the experiment: 1. Microplate reader (450nm) 2. High-precision pipette and gun tips: 0.5-10uL, 5-50uL, 20-200uL, 200-1000uL 3. 37℃ constant temperature box 4. Distilled water or deionized water Sample processing and requirements: 1. Serum: Place the whole blood sample collected in the serum separation tube at room temperature for 2 hours or at 4℃ overnight, then centrifuge at 1000×g for 20 minutes, and take the supernatant, or store the supernatant at -20℃ or -80℃, but avoid repeated freezing and thawing. 2. Plasma: Collect specimens using EDTA or heparin as anticoagulants and centrifuge them at 1000×g for 15 minutes at 2-8℃ within 30 minutes of collection. The supernatant can be tested or stored at -20℃ or -80℃, but repeated freezing and thawing should be avoided. 3. Tissue Homogenization: Rinse the tissue with pre-chilled PBS (0.01M, pH 7.4) to remove any residual blood (lysed red blood cells in the homogenate will affect the measurement results). Weigh and mince the tissue. Add the minced tissue to the appropriate volume of PBS (generally a 1:9 weight-to-volume ratio, e.g., 1g of tissue sample to 9mL of PBS. The specific volume can be adjusted according to experimental needs and recorded. It is recommended to add protease inhibitors to the PBS) in a glass homogenizer and grind thoroughly on ice. To further lyse tissue cells, the homogenate can be sonicated or repeatedly freeze-thawed. Finally, centrifuge the homogenate at 5000×g for 5-10 minutes, and collect the supernatant for analysis. 4. Pre-Assay Preparation: 1. Remove the test kit from the refrigerator 10 minutes in advance and equilibrate to room temperature. 2. Prepare a gradient standard working solution: Add 1 mL of universal diluent to the lyophilized standard. Let stand for 15 minutes to completely dissolve, then gently mix (concentration 10 ng/mL). Then dilute to the following concentrations: 10 ng/mL, 5 ng/mL, 2.5 ng/mL, 1.25 ng/mL, 0.625 ng/mL, 0.3125 ng/mL, 0.15625 ng/mL, and 0 ng/mL. Serial dilution method: Take seven EP tubes and add 500 μL of universal diluent to each tube. Pipette 500 μL of the 10 ng/mL standard working solution into the first EP tube and mix thoroughly to make a 5 ng/mL standard working solution. Repeat this procedure for subsequent tubes. The last tube serves as a blank well; there is no need to pipette liquid from the penultimate tube. See the figure below for details. 3. Preparation of biotinylated detection antibody working solution: Centrifuge the concentrated biotinylated antibody at 1000×g for 1 minute 15 minutes before use. Dilute the 100× concentrated biotinylated antibody to a 1× working concentration with universal diluent (e.g., 10uL concentrate + 990uL universal diluent). Prepare and use immediately. 4. Prepare the enzyme conjugate working solution: 15 minutes before use, centrifuge the 100× concentrated enzyme conjugate at 1000×g for 1 minute. Dilute the 100× concentrated HRP enzyme conjugate to a 1× working concentration with universal diluent (e.g., 10 μL of concentrate + 990 μL of universal diluent). Prepare immediately. 5. Prepare the 1× wash solution: Dispense 10 mL of 20× wash solution into 190 mL of distilled water (concentrated wash solution removed from the refrigerator may crystallize; this is normal. Allow to stand at room temperature until the crystals have completely dissolved before preparing). Procedure: 1. Remove the desired strips from the aluminum foil bag after equilibration at room temperature for 10 minutes. Seal the remaining strips in a ziplock bag and return to 4°C. 2. Sample addition: Add 100 μL of sample or standard of varying concentrations to the corresponding wells. Add 100 μL of universal diluent to the blank wells. Cover with a film and incubate at 37°C for 60 minutes. (Recommendation: Dilute the sample to be tested at least 1-fold with universal diluent before adding it to the ELISA plate. This will reduce the impact of matrix effects on the test results. The sample concentration should be multiplied by the corresponding dilution factor when calculating the final sample concentration. It is recommended to run replicates for all test samples and standards.) 3. Add Biotinylated Antibody: Remove the ELISA plate and discard the liquid without washing. Add 100 μL of Biotinylated Antibody Working Solution directly to each well. Cover with a film and incubate at 37°C for 60 minutes. 4. Wash: Discard the liquid and add 300 μL of 1x Wash Solution to each well. Let stand for 1 minute, shake off the wash solution, and pat dry on absorbent paper. Repeat this process three times (a plate washer can also be used). 5. Add Enzyme Conjugate Working Solution: Add 100 μL of Enzyme Conjugate Working Solution to each well. Cover with a film and incubate at 37°C for 30 minutes. 6. Washing: Discard the liquid and wash the plate five times as in step 4. 7. Adding substrate: Add 90 μL of substrate (TMB) to each well, cover with a sealing film, and incubate at 37°C in the dark for 15 minutes. 8. Adding stop solution: Remove the ELISA plate and add 50 μL of stop solution directly to each well. Immediately measure the OD value of each well at a wavelength of 450 nm. Calculating experimental results: 1. Calculate the average OD value of the standard and sample replicates and subtract the OD value of the blank well as a correction factor. Plot the standard curve of the four-parameter logistic function on double-logarithmic graph paper, with concentration as the horizontal axis and OD value as the vertical axis. 2. If the sample OD value is higher than the upper limit of the standard curve, dilute the sample appropriately and retest. Multiply the sample concentration by the corresponding dilution factor. |
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| Theory | This kit uses a double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Sample, standard, biotin-labeled detection antibody, and HRP enzyme conjugate are sequentially added to microwells pre-coated with a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) capture antibody. After incubation and washing, the sample is developed using the substrate TMB. TMB is converted to blue by peroxidase (HRP) catalysis and to yellow by acid. The intensity of the color is positively correlated with the amount of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in the sample. The absorbance (OD) is measured at 450 nm using a microplate reader to calculate the sample concentration. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Source | Rat | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Synonym | Rat Prostate Specific AntigenELISA Kit | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Detection Type | Double antibody sandwich method | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Composition |
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| Background | Kallikrein 3 (PSA) is a protein produced by normal and malignant prostate cells. Diseases associated with PSA include prostatitis and urethral stenosis. Pathways involved include transcriptional androgen receptor nuclear signaling and Rho GTPase signaling. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations associated with this gene include serine endopeptidase activity and serine peptidase activity. An important homologue of this gene is KLK2. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| General Notes | 1. Strictly adhere to the specified incubation time and temperature to ensure accurate results. All reagents must be at room temperature (20-25°C) before use. Refrigerate reagents immediately after use. 2. Improper plate washing may result in inaccurate results. Ensure that all liquid in the wells is aspirated thoroughly before adding substrate. Do not allow the wells to dry out during incubation. 3. Remove any residual liquid and fingerprints from the bottom of the plate, as this will affect the OD value. 4. The substrate developer solution should be colorless or very light in color. Do not use substrate solution that has turned blue. 5. Avoid cross-contamination of reagents and specimens to prevent erroneous results. 6. Avoid direct exposure to strong light during storage and incubation. 7. Do not expose any reagents to bleaching solvents or the strong fumes emitted by bleaching solvents. Any bleaching agent will destroy the biological activity of the reagents in the kit. 8. Do not use expired products, and do not mix components with different product numbers and batches. 9. Recombinant proteins from sources other than the kit may not be compatible with the antibodies in this kit and will not be recognized. 10. If there is a possibility of disease transmission, all samples should be managed properly and samples and testing devices should be handled according to prescribed procedures. |
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| Storage Temp. | If the unopened kit is stored at 4°C, the shelf life is 6 months. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Test Range | 0.156-10 ng/mL | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Applications | Serum, plasma, and tissue homogenates |
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4.3 ★★★★★
Based on 9 reviews
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Product Reviews
★★★★★ 5
SO MANY BALLS!
I thought id see how my Boston wud react with so many balls to choose from LOL! I love that the squeaker is internal on this toy. On the ones that hv the plug style squeaker my Boston will pull it out then proceeds to pull off the material and a slimy ball is no fun...LOL
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Reviewed in the United States on March 3, 2026
★★★★★ 5
Durable
Size: 10 Pacck, Color: Multicolor
Nice product. These balls have lasted without breaking in half!
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Reviewed in the United States on February 12, 2026
★★★★★ 5
good for puppys young dogs, handle is separate, locking carabiners on both ends
Color: Orange, Size: 30FT
This is a good sturdy leash but probably wouldn't stand up to a conscientious chewer if your dogo has that bad habit. I like this one because the handle is separate so it can be used both as a tie out lead and as a regular lead. I also like the "locking" carabiners that should not open accidentally. I bought the thirty foot version because my new puppy loves to go outside then refuse to come back in or let me catch him when I need him to come inside (not catching me silly Hooman). When he's bigger I won't be so concerned about him being outside alone but since I'm in a sort of rural area, we have the occasional fox and hawk around when the sun goes down. Not too much to worry about in the way of pests but every puppy parent has an obligation to protect their young'un till they gain some wisdom. I have stairs in the back of the house, the way this is made I can attach it to the banister easily so I don't even need one of those tie stakes that bury in the ground. The price wasn't bad, the hardware looks sturdy and should last awhile. I just also bought the fifteen foot version, same quality as the thirty foot product I like that the handle is separate so it can be used as a tie down or a leash easily. My only big wish would perhaps be some more color choices, the orange is nice for visibility a yellow would be nice and then maybe some other colors like red/purple would be good as well. The thickness of the rope means that it doesn't "easily" get tangled into a giant knot. I leave the back door open and puppers can go in and out as he likes but he also sometimes runs around in the living room and thus far haven't had any large tangles to unwrap. He did manage to get the leash caught around a piece of tree branch that was on the ground (and complained loudly) but that was only because the branch was too heavy for him to drag the lead off of by himself. These leads are worth the money, I will likely buy a couple more to keep in the vehicle and other locations besides home.
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Reviewed in the United States on April 29, 2026
★★★★★ 5
My Go-To Leash for Outdoor Fun and Training with My Lab Puppy
Color: Orange, Size: 15FT
The Joytale Long Leash, specifically the 15-foot model, is an exceptional product that has seamlessly integrated into the daily activities of our black lab puppy. Purchasing this leash has proven to be a decision that greatly benefits both our family and our energetic puppy, especially during our adventures in the backyard and while hiking.
The vibrant orange color of the leash stands out, which is not just visually appealing but also significantly enhances safety by ensuring the leash remains highly visible. This feature is particularly useful in varied terrains and during low-light conditions, providing peace of mind that our puppy is always within sight and safe.
The leash's design, featuring a removable padded handle, has been a game-changer for comfort. The padding ensures that our hands are protected from any strain or discomfort, even during those longer hikes or when our puppy gets a bit too excited and pulls. This thoughtful inclusion has made our outdoor adventures much more enjoyable, allowing us to focus on the fun and bonding with our puppy rather than any potential discomfort.
Equally impressive is the double hook mechanism that the Joytale Long Leash boasts. This feature has instilled a great sense of security in us, knowing that the leash is securely attached to our puppy’s collar or harness. It's especially reassuring during hikes in more challenging terrains where a secure leash attachment is crucial for our puppy's safety.
The 15-foot length of the leash has been perfect for our needs. It provides ample space for our black lab puppy to explore and play, whether we're in the backyard or adventuring through hiking trails. This length strikes a perfect balance, offering enough freedom for him to explore while still under our control, facilitating a safe and enjoyable environment for him to learn and grow.
Durability is another aspect where the Joytale Long Leash shines. It has stood up to the rigorous daily activities of our puppy, showing no signs of wear and tear. This durability is not only a testament to the quality of the materials used but also to the thoughtful design that has gone into making this leash a reliable accessory for pet owners.
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Reviewed in the United States on April 7, 2024
★★★★★ 5
Great long leash, would buy again
Color: Blue, Size: 30FT
Well-made leash, perfect for recall training and other situations where the dog needs a bit of space to roam without getting into trouble. Seems to be comfortable for the dog, as it is not inhibiting him from running around and playing.
I bought the 30 foot length 3/8” diameter version. Light weight, good value for the price. Best feature is the locking carabiner, because my rescue pup “moonlights” as an escape artist. 🤣🤣
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Reviewed in the United States on January 22, 2026