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Description
Reflections on the Motive Power of Fire: And Other Papers on the Second Law of ThermodynamicsReflections on the Motive Power of Fire," along with other papers in this volume, laid the foundation of modern thermodynamics. Highly readable, "Reflections" contains no arguments that depend on calculus, consisting mostly of statements couched in exact language. It represents a tribute to Carnot's capacity to generalize, and to see fundamental processes at work in complex mechanisms. "Reflections on the Motive Power of Fire" examines the relation
Reflections on the Motive Power of Fire," along with other papers in this volume, laid the foundation of modern thermodynamics. Highly readable, "Reflections" contains no arguments that depend on calculus, consisting mostly of statements couched in exact language. It represents a tribute to Carnot's capacity to generalize, and to see fundamental processes at work in complex mechanisms."Reflections on the Motive Power of Fire" examines the relation between heat and the work done by heat in high- and low-pressure steam engines, air-engines, and an internal combustion machine. Carnot established conditions for the economical working of these engines and invented the closed cycle of operations. He realized that in any engine, the amount of work done by heat is determined solely by the range of temperature through which it fell in the operation. He extended the ideas of his father, Lazare Carnot, on mechanics to thermal processes, deriving statements on the impossibility of perpetual motion and the need to avoid irreversible changes.
Little notice was paid to this book upon its 1824 publication; ten years later, Emile Clapeyron's more analytical paper on the same subject received wider attention. This English translation includes selections from Carnot's posthumous manuscripts and a paper by Rudolf Clausius that rewrote Carnot's results in a terminology that distinguished between change of entropy and quantity of heat.
Binding Type: Paperback
Publisher: Dover Publications
Published: 10/03/2005
ISBN: 9780486446417
Pages: 152
Weight: 0.52lbs
Size: 8.50h x 5.60w x 0.39d
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★★★★★ 5
Best dog ball in the world!
Size: Large, Pattern Name: Pack of 1, Size: Large, Pattern Name: Pack of 1
My dog is singularly obsessed with playing ball. He would drop a steak to chase a ball. (He'd return to the steak, but not without the retrieved ball. He's not an idiot.) He makes dangerous leaps, crashes into trees, and runs fast enough to catch thrown balls before they even hit the ground. Since he doesn't care about his own wellbeing, it's my job to protect him as much as I can. And a lot of balls are hard enough to cause him pain or dental damage when he mistimes a catch. Enter the ChuckIt Glow Ball!
The minute Cowboy got his first Glow Ball, he no longer had any interest in the dozens of tennis balls scattered around the house and yard. If I took the Glow Ball away and instead threw a tennis ball, Cowboy would run to retrieve the ball, then return without it and begin looking all over the house for the Glow Ball. The Glow Ball is tough enough to survive Cowboy's big, sharp chompers, yet it's soft enough to do no harm when it hits him in the face. The glow feature is a huge bonus, too. Cowboy gets distracted by chipmunks and squirrels when we're playing, so he sometimes can't remember where he dropped the ball to pursue the interloper. If the ball was exposed to enough light before it was misplaced, it will be easy to find once the sun goes down. (Otherwise, Cowboy always finds it eventually.) When I'm feeling nocturnal, I'll put the ball under a light for a few minutes to activate the electrons, then treat my boy to a middle-of-the-night game of fetch.
I was so happy to see these on sale, I bought a lifetime supply for my pantry. The size guide seems accurate. ChuckIt recommended the large size for a dog of Cowboy's weight and that size is perfect. Highly recommended product.
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Reviewed in the United States on October 14, 2024
★★★★★ 5
Heavy chewer approved.
Style: Ball, Size: Medium (Pack of 1)
My pomsky will destroy a toy in minutes. Ropes, and the "indestructible" nylon type stuffs are no match for my furry shark. This ball has stood up to him like David. He loves the crunch and it is so much more tolerable than a squeaker. These will be a staple in his toy box - Chuckit toys are really the most durable dog toys I have found in three years.
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Reviewed in the United States on April 26, 2026
★★★★★ 5
Fun Ball
Style: Ball, Size: Medium (Pack of 2)
Great new ball for our pup. He loves the sound of the crunch!
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Reviewed in the United States on May 25, 2026
★★★★★ 5
Durability
Style: Ball, Size: Medium (Pack of 2)
My dog loves these balls!
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Reviewed in the United States on May 25, 2026
★★★★★ 5
Dogs love them
Style: Ball, Size: Medium (Pack of 2)
Our dogs love these. What’s great is that you can add more plastic (like from water bottles) if the plastic starts to fall out from the center. If you have a chewer, though, these won’t last you long. Our shepherd mix loves these and then starts to pull the rubber apart the more she plays with it. Our other dogs treat it normally, though, and those ones last forever. They also get some decent height when bounced, and they make a unique whistling noise when thrown.
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Reviewed in the United States on November 17, 2025